Summary
This post describes how to get the Puppet Learning VM running on a Mac OS/X system. It uses Parallels as the VM hosting system (for reasons which will become apparent).

Name Last modified Size Description; Parent Directory - 10.10/ 2015-09-14 11:50:58: 4.0KiB.

Puppet is a popular infrastructure automation tool and the learning environment they provide can be downloaded from here

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Virtual Box Fail (Oh no it didn’t)

The recommendation for the VM download which is an OVA archive is to use either VMWare or Virtual Box as the host. As I have a Mac the VM Ware product is VM Ware Fusion which is not free. Virtual Box is free for personal use so I decided to use that.

I imported the OVA into Virtual Box (version 5) but found that when I started the VM it threw errors about not finding the scsi disk. I played around with different hardware configs in the Virtual Box settings but it didn’t seem to make any difference.

UPDATE: I emailed the Puppet Learning Team to let them know about my issues and they asked me to gather some stats from the problem. However wouldn’t you know it, I re-ran the import and it all worked fine in Virtual Box. Looking into it I think running the VM as 2 CPUs on my 2 core iMac was just a bit too much of a strain for it so it was losing CPU cycles and lost connection with the virtual disk.

As I normally use Parallels for VM hosting on my Mac I decided to see if there was a way to import the Puppet Learning VM into Parallels.

Parallels isn’t free either but as I have already paid for it and use it to run other systems it made sense for me to try it once Virtual Box failed.

Converting OVA files into Parallels

There is a very handy knowledge Base article here on how to convert OVA files to vmx files for Parallels to then convert.

Following that KB article as a guide I first downloaded the OVF Conversion tools from the VMWare site (You’ll need to register for an account on the VMWare site but it is free).

Run the installer for the OVF tool and you are then ready to create the VMX and VMDK files from the OVA archive you have previously downloaded and unzipped.

Open a Terminal session and change directory to where the ova file is. Then run the following command.

/Applications/VMware OVF Tool/ovftool --lax puppet-2015.2.0-learning-2.30.ova puppet.vmx
Opening OVA source: puppet-2015.2.0-learning-2.30.ova
The manifest validates
Opening VMX target: puppet.vmx
Warning:
- Hardware compatibility check is disabled.
Writing VMX file: puppet.vmx
Transfer Completed
Warning:
- No manifest entry found for: 'puppet-2015.2.0-learning-2.30.ovf'.
- File is missing from the manifest: 'puppet-2015.2.0-learning-2.30.ovf'.
Completed successfully


Then launch Parallels Desktop and go to File -> Open and chose the puppet.vmx file. A message comes up saying it needs to convert the file. (Click the pic to embiggen)

From here click Convert and then choose the location where you want to store the converted VM.

You will see a warning like the one below saying Parallels cannot determine the VM Guest O/S but you can ignore that and just continue.

The conversion process takes a few minutes and at the end you will be asked if you want to start the VM to complete the conversion i.e. installed Parallels Tools.

Click No here as you want to change some settings on the network card before starting the VM.

Then choose Actions->Configure from the Puppet VM window (or click on the Gear in the top right, or go to the Parallels Desktop Control Center (sic) and click the gear there).

This will bring up the hardware config window for the VM. Confirm it has 2 CPUs and 2048Mb of memory and then click the Network tab and change the network card to be “virtio” and the network type to be Bridged to the default adapter ( or choose a specific adapter if you know what you need for your Mac). Finally click on the Generate button by the mac address and generate a new one just to be on the safe side.

You can now start your VM and it should pick up its own IP address from your default DHCP using the same network settings as your Mac.

When the VM has started it will display the IP address it has and you can use this in a browser to access the first quest. You can also ssh into it from another terminal session on your Mac.

If there is no IP address shown after the http:// on the screen then double check the network settings in Parallels for the VM as it means it hasn’t acquired an IP address. (You’ll need to shutdown the VM to change most settings).

At this point you could ( and maybe should ) install Parallels Tools however as I don’t want to mess with the VM I have left it until I feel it really needs them.

Transform Warp

Updated in Photoshop 21.0 (November 2019 release)

The Warp command lets you drag control points to manipulate the shape of images, shapes, or paths, and so on. You can also warp using a shape in the Warp pop‑up menu in the options bar. Shapes in the Warp pop‑up menu are also malleable; you can drag their control points.

Check out this video tutorial by Julieanne Kost: New Transform Capabilities in Photoshop’s Warp Tool

When using the control points to distort an item, choosing View > Extras shows or hides the warp mesh and control points.

Select a layer or an area in the image you want to warp.

After making a selection, do one of the following:

• Choose Edit > Transform > Warp or

• Press Control + T (Win) / Command + T (Mac), then click the Switch Between Free Transform And Warp Modes button in the options bar.

To warp your selection using a warp preset, choose a warp style from the Warp pop‑up menu in the options bar.

To create a custom warp mesh, choose a grid size from the Grid pop-up menu in the options bar.

• Select a default grid size - 3 x 3, 4 x 4, or 5 x 5.
• Or, select Custom and then specify the numbers of Columns and Rows in the Custom Grid Size dialog.

To add more control grid lines to the warp mesh, choose an option to split the warp.

1. Do any of the following:
   1. In the options bar, click any of the Split buttons.
   2. Choose Edit > Transform > Split Warp Horizontally, Split Warp Vertically, or Split Warp Crosswire.
      
2. Move the pointer within mesh area and click where you place additional control grid lines.
   As you move the pointer, over the warp mesh, you’ll see the split lines track the pointer. When you click, additional control points are added to the warp mesh.

Note:

You can also use the Alt (Win) / Option (Mac) modifier key to quickly toggle through the split warp options without returning to the menu bar.

• Hold down the Alt (Win) / Option (Mac) key and click anywhere the warp mesh to split the warp crosswire at that location.
• Hold down the Alt (Win) / Option (Mac) key and move the pointer near the edge of an existing horizontal grid line. Click to split the warp vertically at that location.
  
• Similarly, hold down the Alt (Win) / Option (Mac) key and move the pointer near the edge of an existing vertical grid line. Click to split the warp horizontally at that location.

• To manipulate the shape, drag the control points, a segment of the bounding box or mesh, or an area within the mesh. When adjusting a curve, use the control point handles. This is similar to adjusting the handles in the curved segment of a vector graphic.
  
• Click on a grid line to activate control points for editing the warp. Click on an anchor point (at the intersection of the grid lines) lets you edit the control points surrounding that anchor. Drag the control points to warp the image.
• To select multiple points, Shift+click on the anchor points or click-and-drag the pointer over the points while holding down the Shift key. A rectangle appears around the selected points if two or more points are selected.
• To deselect multiple points, Shift+click on the active anchor points or click-and-drag the pointer over the active points while holding down the Shift key. The rectangle surrounding the selected points automatically resizes as points are selected or deselected.
• To delete a selected grid line (control points along the line are visible), press Delete or choose Edit > Transform > Remove Warp Split.
• To delete both the horizontal and vertical grid lines passing through an anchor point, click the anchor point, then press Delete or choose Edit > Transform > Remove Warp Split.

• To change the orientation of a warp style that you chose from the Warp menu, click the Change The Warp Orientation button in the options bar.
• To change the reference point, click a square on the Reference point locator in the options bar.
• To specify the amount of warp using numeric values, enter the values in the Bend (set bend), X (set horizontal distortion), and Y (set vertical distortion) text boxes in the options bar. You can’t enter numeric values if you have chosen None or Custom from the Warp Style pop‑up menu.

• Press Enter (Windows) or Return(Mac OS), or click the Commit button in theoptions bar.

• To cancel the transformation, press Esc or clickthe Cancel button inthe options bar.

When you warp a bitmap image (versus a shape or path), the image becomes slightly less sharp each time you commit a transformation; therefore, performing multiple commands before applying the cumulative transformation is preferable to applying each transformation separately.

Puppet Warp provides a visual mesh that lets you drastically distort specific image areas, while leaving other areas intact. Applications range from subtle image retouching (such as shaping hair) to total transformations (such as repositioning arms or legs).

In addition to image layers, you can apply Puppet Warp to layer and vector masks. To nondestructively distort images, use Smart Objects. (See Create Smart Objects.)

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In the Layers panel, select the layer or mask you wantto transform.

In the options bar, adjust the following mesh settings:

Determines the overall elasticity of the mesh.

Note:

Choose Distort for a highly elastic mesh good for warping wide-angle images or texture maps.

Determines the spacing of mesh points. More Points increases precisionbut requires more processing time; Fewer Points does the opposite.

Expands or contracts the outer edge of the mesh.

Deselect to show only adjustment pins, providing a clearer preview of your transformations.

Note:

To temporarily hide adjustment pins, press the H key.

In the image window, click to add pins to areas you wantto transform and areas you want to anchor in place.

Moving a pin on the puppet mesh. Adjoining pins keep nearby areas intact.




To reposition or remove pins, do any of the following:

• Drag pins to warp the mesh.

• To reveal a mesh area you’ve overlapped with another, clickthe Pin Depth buttons inthe options bar.

• To remove selected pins, press Delete. To remove other individualpins, place the cursor directly over them, and press Alt (Windows)or Option (Mac OS); when the scissors icon appears,click.

• Click the Remove All Pins button inthe options bar.

Note:

To select multiplepins, Shift-click them or choose Select All fromthe context menu.

To rotate the mesh around a pin, select it, and then do eitherof the following:

• To rotate the mesh a fixed number of degrees, press Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS), and position the cursor near to, but not over the pins. When a circle appears, drag to visually rotate the mesh.

Note:

The degree of rotation appears in the options bar.

• To rotate the mesh automatically based on the selected Mode option, choose Auto from the Rotate menu in the options bar.

When your transformation is complete, press Enter or Return.

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